31. Through the work of David Hilbert in the Calculus of Variations , the Dirichlet principle was finally established. 32. This De Donder-Weyl Hamiltonian form of field equations is action principle in the calculus of variations ). 33. To satisfy these requirements Canny used the calculus of variations a technique which finds the Gaussian. 34. This surface is called a minimal surface and it, too, can be found using the calculus of variations . 35. Before the Second World War, Frank Ramsey and Harold Hotelling used the calculus of variations to that end. 36. His doctoral dissertation was on the calculus of variations ( in 1910, at the University of Vienna ). 37. The first was constructed in 1788 by Joseph Louis Lagrange, an action and follows the calculus of variations . 38. Its use originates in the calculus of variations , where one searches for a function that minimizes a given functional. 39. These paths are called geodesics, and one of the simplest problems in the calculus of variations is finding geodesics. 40. :: : Modern mathematicians use the calculus of variations to show that straight lines have the shortest path property.