Vegetative cells with a cup-shaped chloroplast containing one pyrenoid; a large anterior eyespot; two cilia of equal length with two contractile vacuoles at their base.
32.
:: Each Contractile vacuole has a high surface area to volume ratio for efficiency when it periodically gathers water from the cell and then expels water by contraction.
33.
Since these vesicles fuse with the central contractile vacuole, which expels the water, ions end up being removed from the cell, which is not beneficial for a freshwater organism.
34.
They were detected in vicinity of the contractile vacuole in " Trypanosoma cruzi " and were shown to fuse with the vacuole when the cells were exposed to osmotic stress.
35.
The contractile vacuole is predominant in species that do not have a cell wall, but there are exceptions ( notably " Chlamydomonas " ) which do possess a cell wall.
36.
In " Paramecium ", which has one of the most complex contractile vacuoles, the vacuole is surrounded by several canals, which absorb water by osmosis from the cytoplasm.
37.
Most ciliates also have one or more prominent contractile vacuoles, which collect water and expel it from the cell to maintain osmotic pressure, or in some function to maintain ionic balance.
38.
:The first one is an interesting question-certainly I had not looked up anything about contractile vacuoles in ages, and our own article certainly is not leaving me with a settled feeling.
39.
"Paramecium " and " Amoeba " possess large contractile vacuoles ( average diameter of 13 and 45 �m, respectively ), which are relatively comfortable to isolate, manipulate and assay.
40.
This separation of the duplicated set of genes is shown through the localization of the striated myhc to the contractile vacuole in sponges while the non-muscle myhc was more diffusely expressed during developmental cell shape and change.
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