31. The engine has crosshead bearings so that the always-vertical piston rod allows a tight seal under the piston. 32. The primary lead motion is provided by the crosshead arm ( 9 ) and the union link ( 11 ). 33. This can be avoided by the use of crossheads and also using thrust bearings to isolate the engine from end loads. 34. Corliss valves on all cylinders . [ Dobson block motion on HP and IP ] Air pump driven from each crosshead . 35. The crankcase of the engine, together with the crosshead trunk guide, was enclosed and provided with oil splash lubrication. 36. Vertical return connecting rod engines used the original'vertical'layout, with the cylinder facing upwards to the crosshead . 37. Their feedwater pumps, attached to the right hand side of their spectacle plates, were actuated from the piston crossheads . 38. The feedwater pump, attached to the right hand side of the spectacle plate, was actuated from the piston crosshead . 39. In this way, the transverse forces are applied only to the crosshead and its bearings, not to the piston itself. 40. The piston rods connected with independent crossheads gliding upon steel girders supported at their ends by standards bolted to the floor beams.
