This shift alters the positions of the filaments, which opens ion channels within the cell membranes, creating depolarisation and an action potential that is transmitted to the brain along the vestibulocochlear nerve.
32.
This depolarisation propagates to the T-tubules where it triggers the entry of calcium ions via Ca v 1.1 as well as from the sarcoplasmic reticulum through the associated ryanodine receptor RyR1.
33.
Secondly, depolarisation of the heart will be slower through the right ventricle relative to the left, and therefore the effects of the right ventricle on the axis of the heart will be dominant.
34.
In contrast to HyperKPP, hypokalemic periodic paralysis ( noted in humans ) refers to loss-of-function mutations in channels that prevent muscle depolarisation and therefore are aggravated by low potassium ion concentrations.
35.
Colicins bind to translocate to the cytoplasm or cytoplasmic membrane, where they exert their cytotoxic effect, including depolarisation of the cytoplasmic membrane, DNase activity, RNase activity, or inhibition of murein synthesis.
36.
For example, an accessory pathway from the left atrium to the left ventricle, as in Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome, will result in the left ventricle finishing depolarisation earlier than the right.
37.
Cellular depolarisation can be due to a raised external concentration of potassium ions K +, a decreased intracellular concentration of sodium ions Na +, increased permeability to Na +, or a decreased permeability to K +.
38.
Initially, the receptor is an excitatory receptor, mediating depolarisation ( efflux of Cl " ions ) in immature neurons before changing to an inhibitory receptor, mediating hyperpolarisation ( influx of Cl " ions ) later on.
39.
At the same time the contents of the intracellular ( cortical ) vesicles attached to the oolemma are released by the depolarisation wave, and the perivitteline space and pellucid zone chemically hardens to form an impenetrable shell and a protective layer for the zygote.
40.
The authors also showed for the first time that the changes in the electric potential ( ?? ) across the plasma membrane of the cell affected both the rate of Mg 2 + uptake and the free Mg 2 + content of the cell; depolarisation suppressed transport, while hyperpolarisation increased transport.
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