Note that unlike split ergativity, which occurs regularly but in limited locations, optional ergativity can occur in a range of environments, but may not be used in a way that appears regular or consistent.
32.
Note that unlike split ergativity, which occurs regularly but in limited locations, optional ergativity can occur in a range of environments, but may not be used in a way that appears regular or consistent.
33.
The autochthonous languages of the Caucasus share some areal features, such as the presence of ejective consonants and a highly agglutinative structure, and, with the sole exception of Ossetian ( which has ejective sounds but no ergativity ).
34.
Regarding arguments and clause structure, it has been used to explore case in Greek and Mandarin Chinese and transitivity and ergativity in Amis, an indigenous language in Taiwan and in Proto-Central Pacific Austronesian, among other other topics.
35.
Direct quotation is more frequent than subordination to higher predicates of information, while epistemic modals ( e . g . gina maybe, tu EMPH ) are often used rather than subordination to higher predicates of cognition . ( ergativity)
36.
Many languages classified as ergative in fact show "'split ergativity "', whereby syntactic and / or morphological ergative patterns are conditioned by the grammatical context, typically person or the tense / aspect of the verb . syntactic alignment.
37.
Because of this split ( see split ergativity ), neither " nominative " nor " absolutive " is an adequate description of the direct case, just as neither " accusative " nor " ergative " is an adequate description of the oblique case.
38.
Most commonly and simply, it is marked with the prefixes corresponding to transitive verbs marked for ergativity, such that the phrase " John's house " would be expressed as " s-na John ", or " his-house John ".
39.
Guirardello s A Reference Grammar of Trumai is the first proper description of Trumai grammar, Guirardello s work has also included studies into Trumai s ergativity, focussing on the ergative-absolutive patterns in its morphology and the complexity of its syntax due to the nominative-accusative patterns also present.
40.
Verbs of this class have been called unaccusative verbs, ergative or anticausative verbs in the literature, but again, these terms are not universally defined . and propagated by Lyons'1968 textbook, because the " ergativity " is contained entirely in the lexical unit and has no influence on a language's overall morphological or syntactic ergativity.
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