31. Each suffered from fistula , and all were subjected to his surgical experimentation. 32. The tract formed by this process is a fistula . 33. While intracranial hematomas, pseudoaneurysms, and arteriovenous fistulas . 34. That is why UNFPA has launched a global campaign to prevent and treat fistula . 35. Tracheoesophageal fistula ( TEF ) represents an abnormal opening between the trachea and esophagus. 36. Several organizations have developed effective fistula prevention strategies. 37. Another challenge is the lack of trained professionals to provide surgery for fistula patients. 38. Aneurysms may necessitate corrective surgery and may shorten the useful life of a fistula . 39. Less common complications include fistulas , uncomfortable scarring, and problems with urinary continence. 40. Abscesses can recur if the fistula seals over, allowing the accumulation of pus.