The process is the inverse of gamma decay, but the energies involved are typically much larger, and the dipole moments induced are larger than occur in the excited nuclear states that cause the average gamma decay.
32.
Some nuclei are able to stay in this metastable excited state for minutes, hours, days, or occasionally far longer, before undergoing " gamma decay ", in which they emit a gamma ray.
33.
Gamma decay is also a mode of relaxation of many excited states of atomic nuclei following other types of radioactive decay, such as beta decay, so long as these states possess the necessary component of nuclear spin.
34.
Metastable states are often characterized by high nuclear spin, requiring a change in spin of several units or more with gamma decay, instead of a single unit transition that occurs in only 10 " 12 seconds.
35.
The largest known completely stable nucleus ( i . e . stable to alpha, beta, and gamma decay ) is lead-208 which contains a total of 208 nucleons ( 126 neutrons and 82 protons ).
36.
The relationship between the types of decays also began to be examined : For example, gamma decay was almost always found to be associated with other types of decay, and occurred at about the same time, or afterwards.
37.
:I'm not quite sure myself . . . I've read it in a book a long time ago, which also said gamma decay will transmutate an element into another element before them in the periodic table.
38.
Electron capture, like beta decay, also typically results in excited atomic nuclei, which may then relax to a state of lowest nuclear energy by any of the methods permitted by spin constraints, including gamma decay and internal conversion decay.
39.
Although gamma rays in astronomy are discussed below as non-radioactive events, in fact a few gamma rays are known in astronomy to originate explicitly from gamma decay of nuclei ( as demonstrated by their spectra and emission half life ).
40.
This state is not the metastable Te-125m, but rather a lower energy state that decays immediately by gamma decay with a maximum energy of 35 Auger electrons, which are produced at the low energies of 50 to 500 electron volts.
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