In most ungrounded PV systems, the PV modules with a positive or negative voltage to the ground are exposed to PID . PID occurs mostly at negative voltage with respect to the ground potential and is accelerated by high system voltages, high temperatures, and high humidity.
32.
The two wires from the exchange are denoted the " B " leg at " 48 V relative to ground when the line is not in use and the " A " leg which is near ground potential when the line is not in use.
33.
However, because of its design, a single-pole RCD will not isolate or disconnect all relevant wires in certain uncommon situations, for example where the return conductor is not being held, as expected, at ground potential, or where current leakage occurs between the return and earth conductors.
34.
Ideally, the ground conductor would have no resistance ( \ scriptstyle R _ G \; = \; 0 ), so the voltage drop across it, \ scriptstyle V _ G, should be zero, keeping the point at which the circuits connect at a constant ground potential, isolating them from each other.
35.
Nion introduced a new design of ground potential monochromator for STEM that made the first demonstration of vibrational / phonon spectroscopy in the electron microscope in 2014, and which lead to the 2016 demonstration of damage-free vibrational spectroscopy of different hydrogen environments in a biological material ( Guanine ) and can reach < 8meV energy resolution at 60kV.
36.
Many types of coaxial cable have a characteristic impedance of 75 ?, which would therefore be a good match for a half-wave dipole, however coax is an unbalanced transmission line ( with one terminal at ground potential ) whereas a dipole antenna presents a balanced input ( both terminals have an equal but opposite voltage with respect to ground ).
37.
Depending upon their design, some RCDs disconnect both the energized and return conductors upon a fault, while others only disconnect the energized conductor and rely upon the return conductor being at floating " or not at its expected ground potential for any reason, then a single-pole RCD will leave this conductor still connected to the circuit when it detects the fault.
38.
As a result, if a current, \ scriptstyle I _ 1, is flowing through \ scriptstyle R _ G from circuit 1, a voltage drop \ scriptstyle V _ G \; = \; I _ 1 R _ G, across \ scriptstyle R _ G will occur and the ground connection of both circuits will no longer be at the actual ground potential.
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