31. It can be used alone or in a sintered mixture of hafnium and boron carbide powders. 32. SHRIMP-I also pioneered ion microprobe studies of titanium, hafnium and sulfur isotopic systems. 33. Hafnium , one of the last stable elements to be discovered, presents an interesting case.34. Some superalloys used for special applications contain hafnium in combination with niobium, titanium, or tungsten. 35. At levels of 50 mg / m 3, hafnium is immediately dangerous to life and health. 36. For the fluoride complexes, zirconium and hafnium tend to form hepta-and octa-complexes. 37. Zirconium and hafnium therefore have very similar chemical behaviour, having closely similar radii and electron configurations. 38. For example, ferrocene is alkylated with allyldimethylchlorosilane more efficiently using hafnium chloride relative to aluminium trichloride. 39. The addition of silicon to hafnium oxide increases the band gap, while decreasing the dielectric constant. 40. Nitrogen is sometimes added to hafnium silicate for improving the thermal stability and electrical properties of devices.
