31. The concept of the Feindstrafrecht is opposed by most scholars of penal law and legal philosophy alike. 32. The " Lochner " era legal philosophy made it unlikely that the Court would uphold the Act. 33. The essays present not only the justices'personal histories, but also their underlying legal philosophies and judicial approaches. 34. Beckwith works in the areas of social ethics, applied ethics, legal philosophy , and the philosophy of religion. 35. Islamic thinkers also developed a scientific method, experimental medicine, a theory of optics and a legal philosophy . 36. In his studies, Brown incorporates concepts, models and analytical tools originating from general philosophy, including legal philosophy . 37. His areas of expertise are political and legal philosophy , economic analysis of law, insolvency law, and property. 38. Although he never developed a consistent legal philosophy , McKenna was the author of a number of important decisions. 39. The German jurist Reinhold Zippelius uses Popper's method of " trial and error " in his legal philosophy . 40. Legal positivism became the dominant legal theory of 18th century and found its way into international legal philosophy .
