Furthermore, Krashen claimed that linguistic competence is only advanced when language is subconsciously " acquired ", and that conscious " learning " cannot be used as a source of spontaneous language production.
32.
Another critique of the concept of linguistic competence is that it does not fit the data from actual usage where the felicity of an utterance often depends largely on the communicative context.
33.
Chomsky argued that linguistic competence was logically prior to linguistic performance, and that competence was necessarily homogeneously distributed among all speakers of a linguistic community, or language acquisition wouldn't have been possible.
34.
The field contrasts with dominant approaches to linguistics during the twentieth century, which tended to focus either on the form of language per se, or on theories of individual language user's linguistic competence.
35.
Understanding spoken and written language input is seen as the only mechanism that results in the increase of underlying linguistic competence, and language output is not seen as having any effect on learners'ability.
36.
Kennedy's early research ( much of it in collaboration with A . L . Wilkes ) was concerned with the " psychological reality " of linguistic competence, a preoccupation of cognitive psychologists in the 1970s.
37.
The onus of ensuring the linguistic competence of his edits will, ideally, be transferred from the editors who watch him to him-should he choose to continue contributing in neo-gibberish, such edits will not be included.
38.
As far as linguistic competence is concerned, most Indonesian intellectuals have acquired receptive skills ( listening and reading ), but only a minority have developed both receptive and productive skills ( speaking and writing ).
39.
If " i " represents previously acquired linguistic competence and extra-linguistic knowledge, the hypothesis claims that we move from " i " to " i + 1 " by understanding input that contains " i + 1 ".
40.
The problems involved in designing and making bilingual dictionaries within a culture-dependent subject field involves aspects such as the user's linguistic competence in both languages as well as the user's extra-linguistic ( factual ) competence in both cultures.
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