Not all bacteriophages synthesize lysins, some small single-stranded DNA and RNA phages produce membrane proteins that activate the host's autolytic mechanisms.
32.
When the virus particles need to escape they order the synthesis of a special enzyme called a lysin that chews through the bacterium's cell wall.
33.
Specifically, Raymond Schuch of Rockefeller University and his colleagues found that the enzyme _ known as PlyG lysin _ targets anthrax bacteria and rapidly ruptures them.
34.
Moreover, sequence alignment between NK-lysin and PSI reveals that the relative positions of the disulfide bridges are also conserved, a common trait among SAPLIPS.
35.
Finally, the recently discovered ?-d-glutaminyl-l-lysine endopeptidase lysins cleave the gamma bond between D-glutamine and L-lysine residues.
36.
The lysin-based method can detect a sample of 2, 500 spores in 10 minutes or as few as 100 spores after an hour's reaction time.
37.
Recently the phage therapy approach has been applied to systemic and even intracellular infections and the addition of non-replicating phage and isolated phage enzymes like lysins to the antimicrobial arsenal.
38.
But they cannot evade the lysin, Fischetti believes, because the attacking virus, over millions of years of evolution, has selected for its target a component the bacterium cannot change.
39.
Lysins were first used therapeutically in animals in 2001, in a publication in which mice orally colonized with " Streptococcus pyogenes " were decolonized with a single dose of PlyC lysin delivered orally.
40.
Lysins were first used therapeutically in animals in 2001, in a publication in which mice orally colonized with " Streptococcus pyogenes " were decolonized with a single dose of PlyC lysin delivered orally.
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