Because the chosen marker genes are shared across different Assembling the Tree of Life ( AToL ) projects, it will provide a common framework for a future comprehensive eukaryotic tree.
32.
They transplanted sperm stem cells with the gene into animals they had made sterile by treatment with a chemical and were able to follow the marker gene for two generations.
33.
The first step, in experiments which take several months to complete, is to see if they can get the virus to deliver marker genes to the mammary glands of adult mice.
34.
To make the three calves described in their paper, the investigators grew cells from a 55-day-old male Holstein fetus in the laboratory, and added two innocuous marker genes to the cells.
35.
If the toxin is then added to the cell culture, only those few cells with the marker gene integrated into their genomes will be able to proliferate, while other cells will die.
36.
Many of the commercial genetic genealogy sites such as this one assume a typical mutation rate estimate for each marker gene Y chromosome of about 1 in 500 generations ( or 0.2 %.
37.
The British Medical Association is very clear on this point : These " marker genes " are capable of entering disease-causing bacteria, making them, too, resistant to antibiotics and thus harder to control.
38.
Comparisons of population structure and phylogenetic diversity can be made on the basis of 16S and other phylogenetic marker genes, or in the case of low-diversity communities by genome reconstruction from the metagenomic dataset.
39.
Nowadays, however, the term " OTU " is generally used in a different context and refers to clusters of ( uncultivated or unknown ) microorganisms, grouped by DNA sequence similarity of a specific taxonomic marker gene.
40.
The majority of fungal ecology research leveraging next-generation sequencing approaches involves sequencing of PCR amplicons of conserved regions of DNA ( i . e . marker genes ) to identify and describe the distribution of Illumina sequencing technologies.
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