31. The classical axiomatic model with autowaves in myocardium was published in 1946 by Norbert Wiener and Arturo Rosenblueth. 32. The heart wall is made up of three layers : the inner endocardium, middle myocardium and outer epicardium. 33. The endocardium, by secreting endothelins, may also play a role in regulating the contraction of the myocardium . 34. After myocardial infarction, dead myocytes are replaced by scar tissue, deleteriously affecting the function of the myocardium . 35. Dexamethasone is used in transvenous screw-in cardiac pacing leads to minimize the inflammatory response of the myocardium . 36. In severe gastrointestinal bleeding, there can also be a mismatch between oxygen demand and supply of the myocardium . 37. The endocardium underlies the much more voluminous myocardium , the muscular tissue responsible for the contraction of the heart. 38. Disopyramide decreases the inhomogeneity between infarcted and normal myocardium refractory periods; in addition to lengthening the refractory period. 39. As the cardioplegia solution distributes to the entire myocardium , the ECG will change and eventually asystole will ensue. 40. Kloner et al . reported that a pathological change in the myocardium was not demonstrated in the stunned myocardium.
