31. Thus, transcription factors can rapidly access their binding sites within nucleosome 1 after being stimulated by a macrophage. 32. NAD is also consumed by sirtuins, which are NAD-dependent transcription through deacetylating histones and altering nucleosome structure. 33. This octameric complex, in association with the 147 base pairs of DNA coiled around it, forms the nucleosome . 34. The H3 2-H4 2 tetramer is wrapped with DNA around it as a first step of nucleosome formation. 35. The histone-fold domains interaction with the minor groove accounts for the majority of the interactions in the nucleosome . 36. Within the nucleosome , Kornberg found that roughly 200 bp of DNA are wrapped around an octamer of histone proteins. 37. For higher resolution maps, this limitation should be overcome to achieve smaller fragments, preferably to single nucleosome resolution. 38. An activator can also recruit nucleosome modifiers that alter chromatin in the vicinity of the promoter and thereby help initiation. 39. Unlike histone core proteins, histone tails are not part of the nucleosome core and are exposed to protein interaction. 40. Anti-dsDNA antibodies might also be created secondary to the production of antibodies to other proteins within the nucleosome .
