31. This book is the product of philosophy of history focused on completely different vision of world historical development. 32. And this philosophy of history , known as teleology, has contaminated the contemporary " isms ", including classical liberalism. 33. This is to an extent a metanovel about the philosophy of history from a pessimistic point of view. 34. Marx began work upon a book detailing his new philosophy of history , entitled " The German Ideology ." 35. From 1836 into 1837, Emerson presented a series of lectures on the philosophy of history at Boston's Masonic Temple. 36. Pe�a's philosophy of history shares with those forerunners the view of human history as universal, both backwards and forwards. 37. He has also written " The Fall of the Modern West ", a book on the philosophy of history . 38. Her areas of expertise and research include historical studies, historiography, the philosophy of history , and the history of education. 39. Ibn Khaldun ( 1332 1406 ) worked in areas of demography, historiography, the philosophy of history , sociology, and economics. 40. His research is increasingly focused on the philosophy of history and specifically the writings of French philosopher Alain Badiou.