31. The point charge with a cloud of photons, electrons, and positrons buzzing around the charge is the most common theory. 32. A " physical dipole " consists of two equal and opposite point charges : in the literal sense, two poles. 33. Hence, for convenience, it is usually defined or assumed to be a point-like mathematical point charge , with no spatial extension. 34. The expression gives the gravitational potential associated to a point mass or the Coulomb potential associated to a point charge . 35. The electric potential due to a system of point charges is equal to the sum of the point charges'individual potentials. 36. Phillips continued to fight, at one point charging over a hilltop and killing the last five soldiers with rifle fire. 37. Ques : Two point charges of values q and 2q are kept at a distance d apart from each other. 38. The amount of points charged will vary, he said, according to the type and terms of the loan being sought. 39. Since this interaction doesn't act to move the point charge itself, it doesn't contribute to the stored energy of the system. 40. To lowest order in the fine-structure constant, \ alpha, the QED result for the electrostatic potential of a point charge is:
