31. Some of the polyelectrolytes that appear on food labels are pectin, carrageenan, alginates, and carboxymethyl cellulose. 32. SWNHs could also be decorated by gold nanoparticles via a block polyelectrolyte to form water-soluble nanohybrid colloids. 33. The polymer charge and ionic strength of the polyelectrolyte in question dictate how thick a polyelectrolyte layer will be. 34. The polymer charge and ionic strength of the polyelectrolyte in question dictate how thick a polyelectrolyte layer will be. 35. These ionic mononmers allow synthesis of polyelectrolytes and ionomers with two cyclic quaternary ammonium cations on each ionic pendant group. 36. Additionally, there is a separate class of polyelectrolyte brushes, when the polymer chains themselves carry an electrostatic charge. 37. In response, carbon nanoparticles and water-soluble polyelectrolytes have been used as supports to the metallic iron nanoparticles. 38. This does not apply; instead, the cell surface is a finite thickness polyelectrolyte layer with a volume charge. 39. The adsorption of polyelectrolytes can be used to stabilize suspensions, such as in the case of dyes and paints. 40. It is the case of humic acids and fulvic acids, natural polyelectrolyte substances having respectively higher and lower molecular weights.
