Extension tests ( with confining pressure greater than the compressive stress ) show that the intermediate principal stress as well as the strain rate has an effect on the strength.
32.
The working principle of two-dimensional photoelasticity allows the measurement of retardation, which can be converted to the difference between the first and second principal stress and their orientation.
33.
But knowing that for the principal stresses the shear stress \ tau _ \ mathrm { n } = 0 \, \ !, then we obtain from this equation:
34.
Mohr's circle is used to determine which principal stresses that will produce this combination of shear and normal stress, and the angle of the plane in which this will occur.
35.
When this happens the rock fractures in a plane parallel to the maximum principal stress and perpendicular to the minimum principal stress ( the direction in which the rock is being stretched ).
36.
When this happens the rock fractures in a plane parallel to the maximum principal stress and perpendicular to the minimum principal stress ( the direction in which the rock is being stretched ).
37.
Where \ lambda is a constant of proportionality, and in this particular case corresponds to the magnitudes \ sigma _ \ mathrm { n } of the normal stress vectors or principal stresses.
38.
In the three-dimensional principal stresses ( \ sigma _ 1, \ sigma _ 2, \ sigma _ 3 ), an infinite number of yield points form together a yield surface.
39.
This also causes an increase in pore pressure in preexisting cracks that increases the tensile stress on them perpendicular to the minimum principal stress ( the direction in which the rock is being stretched ).
40.
Only for the case where the stress vector lies along one of the principal directions it is possible to know the direction of the plane, as the principal stresses act perpendicular to their planes.
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