31. Rapid charge and discharge cycles mean that neither the rated capacitance value nor specific energy are available. 32. This makes the practical specific energy of Li-O 2 batteries significantly smaller than the reagent-level calculation predicts. 33. Pumpable ice has a lower specific energy expenditure compared with existing technologies using conventional freshwater solid ice. 34. Headloss due to friction is also neglected when determining specific energy ; therefore this term disappears as well. 35. In quantum mechanics, microstates with specific energies . 36. The energy density of a fuel per unit mass is called the specific energy of that fuel. 37. Lithium-ion batteries have a higher specific energy than nickel metal hydride batteries, but they are significantly more expensive. 38. Orbital specific energy is zero at infinite altitude and decreases as one approaches the surface of the earth. 39. Each webisode is centered around a specific energy or environment-related topic, ranging from hybrid vehicles to smart grids. 40. Aircraft-specific energy is very similar to specific orbital energy except that it is expressed as a positive quantity.
