As one of the casemate-style turretless Jagdpanzer ( tank destroyer, literally " hunting tank " ) designs, it was developed against the wishes of Heinz Guderian, the inspector general of the " Panzertruppen ", as a replacement for the " Sturmgesch�tz III " ( " StuG"
32.
This type was still in development when the crisis in May and the lack of APX3 turrets " Cail " had been overrun and it had been decided to deliver most vehicles as " turretless AMDs " to the troops led to an emergency programme to fit the surplus hulls with a new turret type.
33.
The "'L3 / 35 "'or "'Carro Veloce CV-35 "'was an Italian tankette that saw combat before and during World War II . Although designated a light tank by the Italian Army, its turretless configuration, weight and firepower make it closer to contemporary tankettes.
34.
The turretless design allowed accommodation of a more powerful gun, typically a dedicated anti-tank gun ( in lieu of a regular tank's general-purpose main gun that fired both anti-tank and high explosive ammunition ) that had a longer barrel than could be mounted in a turreted tank on the same chassis.
35.
In the end, the F-34 was replaced by the D-5T and ZiS-S-53 85 mm calibre guns on the T-34-85 tank, and by 122mm and 152 mm guns in the new IS-2 heavy tanks and in the Soviets'casemate-type, turretless tank destroyers.
36.
However, this slow rotation speed may have been more of a theoretical flaw than a real one when compared to German armored fighting vehicles, as the M10 was generally more mobile than its turreted opponents in the most common tactical situations in Europe and had far better traverse than turretless German tank destroyers which had virtually no traverse and were much less mobile.
37.
Its combat strength included long-barrelled Panzer IVs and the turretless assault guns of the " Sturmgesch�tz-Abteilung " 200, two organic " Panzergrenadier " ( mechanized infantry ) battalions, the 928th Bicyclist Battalion, and a self-propelled artillery battalion with 105-millimeter " Wespe " and 150-millimeter " Hummel " artillery pieces.
38.
The development of " Panzerj�gers " into the fully protected " Jagdpanzer " armored vehicle designs began before the war with the " Sturmgesch�tz "-designated armored artillery vehicles, the initial German turretless tanks to use completely closed-in armored casemates, and continued until 1944, resulting in the fully enclosed " Jagdpanzer " " hunting tanks ", purpose-built heavy-gun tank destroyers.
39.
At the end of January 1945, 557th S / L Bty under First Canadian Army command began experiments to put a searchlight onto a Canadian Ram tank with its turret removed, with the electrical generator carried in a second accompanying tank . ( The obsolete Rams were also being used as turretless armoured personnel carriers known as Kangaroos . ) A section of 557 S / L Bty based at Nijmegen began operating these vehicles in February in support of 15th ( Scottish ) Division.
40.
The Chinese developed a family of armored fighting vehicles based on the WZ 501 IFV which includes a nuclear, biological and chemical ( NBC ) reconnaissance vehicle; a battlefield surveillance vehicle; a WZ 502 mortar carrier; a WZ 503 turretless prototype APC with a larger troop compartment and 12.7 mm heavy machine gun; a WZ 504 tank destroyer ( about 180 were built ), fitted with an elevatable weapon station armed with two or four HJ-73 " Red Arrow 73 " cable-guided ATGM rail launchers ( the HJ-73 ATGM is a licensed copy of the Soviet 9M14M " Malyutka-M " ATGM ); a WZ 505 armored ambulance and a WZ 506 command and staff vehicle ( about 90 were built ) . ( See'The People's Republic of China'section in the BMP-1 variants article for details ).
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