In this instrument, a small, precise rack and pinion drives a pointer on a circular dial, allowing direct reading without the need to read a vernier scale.
32.
The index arm includes a nonius { { # tag : ref | in fact, it may be a vernier scale referred to by the older, inexact name.
33.
These were eventually improved further by Pierre Vernier in 1631, which reduced the nonius to Vernier scale that include two scales, one of them fixed and the other movable.
34.
Thus the difference between the space occupied by 2?on a main scale and the space of the Vernier scale is equal to one twenty-fourth of 2? or 52.
35.
This would be a simple calibrated caliper; but the addition of a vernier scale allows more accurate interpolation, and is the universal practice; this is the "'vernier caliper " '.
36.
He was the first to propose the idea of a loxodrome and was also the inventor of several measuring devices, including the nonius ( from which Vernier scale was derived ), named after his Latin surname.
37.
If the indexing worm is not disengaged from the table, one can move the table in a highly controlled fashion via the indexing plate to produce linear movement of great precision ( such as a vernier scale ).
38.
The azimuth indicated by left edge of the base line arm was arbitrarily determined to be whatever azimuth fit the site, and adjusting screws with a vernier scale allowed for up to . 5 degrees of " tweaking " of the base line arm's orientation.
39.
If you put the two scales together with zero points aligned, the first mark on the vernier scale is one tenth short of the first main scale mark, the second two tenths short, and so on up to the ninth mark which is misaligned by nine tenths.
40.
Thus, the reading for metric micrometers of this type is the number of whole millimetres ( if any ) and the number of hundredths of a millimetre, as with an ordinary micrometer, and the number of thousandths of a millimetre given by the coinciding vernier line on the sleeve vernier scale.
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