41. The toxicity, carcinogenity, and paradoxically, cancer cell-killing abilities of different DNA alkylating agents are an example. 42. "' Fotemustine "'is a nitrosourea alkylating agent approved for use in the treatment of metastasising melanoma. 43. Preferred N attack, as postulated for hard electrophiles by the HSAB principle, could not be observed with any alkylating agent . 44. XRCC1 is involved in the efficient repair of DNA single-strand breaks formed by exposure to ionizing radiation and alkylating agents . 45. The "'AidB "'protein has been supposed to take part in the degradation of endogenous alkylating agents . 46. Additionally, the group cannot produce cross-reacting Michael acceptors that could act as alkylating agents towards nucleophilic species within cells. 47. Because it is a highly reactive alkylating agent and it is inherently unstable, it had been described as a metabolic poison. 48. Although cisplatin is frequently designated as an alkylating agent , it has no alkyl group and it therefore cannot carry out alkylating reactions. 49. "' Ranimustine "'( alkylating agent approved in Japan for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and polycythemia vera. 50. Thus, the leaving group X in the alkylating agent R-X can be chloride, bromide, iodide, or tosylate.
