The vast majority of aortic dissections originate with an intimal tear in either the ascending aorta ( 65 % ), the aortic arch ( 10 % ), or just distal to the ligamentum arteriosum in the descending thoracic aorta ( 20 % ).
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The first chamber is the sinus venosus, which collects deoxygenated blood, from the body, through the dorsal aorta, into the rest of the body . ( In tetrapods, the ventral aorta has divided in two; one half forms the ascending aorta, while the other forms the pulmonary artery ).
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In the few cases in which a long valved homograft had to be implanted due to concomitant dilatation of the ascending aorta, there was also no dilatation of the homograft ., Two prospective clinical trials funded by the European Union are currently underway to further evaluate this new approach.
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The ventral aorta delivers blood to the gills where it is oxygenated and flows, through the dorsal aorta, into the rest of the body . ( In tetrapods, the ventral aorta has divided in two; one half forms the ascending aorta, while the other forms the pulmonary artery ).
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The great arteries are usually arranged using the Lecompte maneuver, with the aortic cross clamp positioned to hold the pulmonary artery anterior to the ascending aorta; though with some congenital arrangements of the great arteries, such as side-by-side, this is not possible and the arteries will be transplanted in the non-anatomic'anterior aorta'arrangement.
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GCA affects arteries of the head and neck, including the three arteries that branch out from the arch of the ascending aorta, and their branches the thoracic aorta, the axillary arteries, the vertebral arteries, and further on in the head in the ophthalmic and external carotid arteries ( the temporal and occipital arteries ).
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There are two types of FAD; groups A and B . Normally if any area of the ascending aorta is involved in the dissection this is considered group A . If the dissection occurs within the descending aorta this is classified in group B . These two groups can than be broken down into three classes of FAD : Type 1, Type 2 and Type 3.
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New devices were recently developed to substitute the external ligature by expandable ring allowing use in acute ascending aorta dissection, providing airtight ( i . e . not dependent on the coagulation integrity ), easy and quick anastomosis extended to the arch concavity Less invasive endovascular techniques allow covered metallic stent grafts to be inserted through the arteries of the leg and deployed across the aneurysm.
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