41. Sleep Bruxism ( SB ) is a serious medical disorder, characterized by involuntary grinding and clenching of teeth during sleep. 42. The pathological wear of the tooth surface can be caused by bruxism , which is clenching and grinding of the teeth. 43. Where crenation is caused by parafunctional habits, there may also be associated bruxism , linea alba, or morsicatio buccarum. 44. Disturbance of the dopaminergic system in the central nervous system has also been suggested to be involved in the etiology of bruxism . 45. Tooth wear in people who take ecstasy is also frequently much more severe than in people with bruxism not associated with ecstasy. 46. Most modern sources state that there is no relationship, or at most a minimal relationship, between bruxism and occlusal factors. 47. Several devices have been developed that aim to objectively measure bruxism activity, either in terms of muscular activity or bite forces. 48. The truly destructive forces are the parafunctional movements, as found in bruxism , which can cause irreversible damage to the enamel. 49. People prone to nocturnal bruxism , or nighttime clenching, as well as morsicatio buccarum may routinely wear occlusal splints at night. 50. The other common conditions are bruxism , gag reflexes and trauma or injury to the mouth because of falls in these patients.
