Chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla are analogous to post-ganglionic neurons; the adrenal medulla develops in tandem with the sympathetic nervous system and acts as a modified sympathetic ganglion.
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The largest chromaffin paraganglia is the organ of Zuckerkandl, it is probably the largest source of circulating catecholamines in the fetus and young infants, and gradually atrophies to microscopic loci.
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Composed mainly of hormone-producing chromaffin cells, the adrenal medulla is the principal site of the conversion of the amino acid tyrosine into the catecholamines epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine.
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Enterochromaffin-like cells, both being enteroendocrine cells, are also considered neuroendocrine cells due to their structural and functional similarity to chromaffin cells, although they are not derivatives of the neural crest.
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Are the two main types of cells of the renal medulla the chromaffin and postganglionic cell ? anyone know where to get more information on this, seems the wiki article doesn't mention much.
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While PNMT is found primarily in the cytosol of the endocrine cells of the adrenal medulla ( also known as chromaffin cells ), it has been detected at low levels in both the heart and brain.
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The adrenal medulla produces adrenomedullary hormones in chromaffin cells, cells which are very similar in structure to post-synaptic sympathetic neurons, even though they are not neurons they are derivatives of the neural crest.
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In non-mammals, chromaffin cells are found in a variety of places, generally not organized as an individual organ, and may be without innervation, relying only on endocrine or paracrine signals for secretion.
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In the categorization proposed by Wick, paragangliomas belong to group II . Given the fact that they originate from cells of the orthosympathetic system, paragangliomas are closely related to pheochromocytomas, which however are chromaffin-positive.
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The enterochromaffin cells are so named because of their histological similarity to chromaffin cells ( they also stain yellow when treated with chromium salts ), but their function is quite different and they are not derivatives of the neural crest.
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