41. The electron spins are spatially modulated to form a standing spin wave in a spin density wave ( SDW ). 42. In the course of these studies also the first coherent experiments on single electron spins in a solid were successful. 43. Electron spin resonance studies indicated the formation of Y 3 + and ( C 82 ) 3 " ion pairs.44. Complexes such as this are called " low-spin " since filling an orbital matches electrons and reduces the total electron spin . 45. This discovery of the relativistic precession of the electron spin led to the understanding of the significance of the relativistic effect. 46. Resonance phenomena occur with all types of vibrations or electron spin resonance ( ESR ) and resonance of quantum wave functions. 47. Electron spins are in many ways ideal for representing 0s and 1s, the binary on-off language that computers use in their calculations.48. Thus the correct multiplicity of states ( except for the factor 2 accounting for the yet unknown electron spin ) was found. 49. One obstacle spintronics researchers have faced is that the tumult of passing from one material to another usually jumbles up the electron spins . 50. Iron atoms in copper cause the renowned Kondo effect where the conduction electron spins form a magnetic bound state with the impurity atom.
