41. The role rate of a rudder roll is directly related to the angle of attack and mach number . 42. This allows the mach number of an aircraft to be higher than that actually experienced by the wing. 43. Mach waves can be used in schlieren or shadowgraph observations to determine the local Mach number of the flow. 44. Because of the Reynolds and Mach number dependence of the coefficients, families of drag polars may be plotted together. 45. For high subsonic flows, the Critical Mach number ( M 1cr ) is a characteristic value of considerable importance. 46. The aircraft Mach number at which these effects appear is known as its critical Mach number, or M CRIT. 47. So it is convenient to define the star mach number that will be independent of the specific mach number. 48. The aircraft Mach number at which these effects appear is known as its critical Mach number , or M CRIT. 49. So it is convenient to define the star mach number that will be independent of the specific mach number . 50. For a given geometry the temperature rise depends on the square of the tangential Mach number of the rotor row.