A mean "'sidereal day "'is 23 hours, 56 minutes, 4.0916 seconds ( hours or mean solar days ), the time it takes Earth to make one rotation relative to the precesses slowly westward relative to the fixed stars, completing one revolution in about 26, 000 years, so the misnamed sidereal day ( " sidereal " is derived from the Latin " sidus " meaning " star " ) is 0.0084 seconds shorter than Earth's period of rotation relative to the fixed stars.
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As a result of this process, the mean solar day, which is nominally 86, 400 seconds long, is actually getting longer when measured in SI seconds with stable atomic clocks . ( The SI second, when adopted, was already a little shorter than the current value of the second of mean solar time . ) The small difference accumulates over time, which leads to an increasing difference between our clock time ( Universal Time ) on the one hand, and Atomic Time and Ephemeris Time on the other hand : see ?T . This led to the introduction of the leap second in 1972 to compensate for differences in the bases for time standardization.
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