In the field of hydrogeology, the octanol-water partition coefficient, or K ow, is used to predict and model the migration of dissolved hydrophobic organic compounds in soil and groundwater.
42.
The suitability of directional solidification in removing a specific impurity from a certain metal depends on the partition coefficient of the impurity in the metal in question, as described by the Scheil equation.
43.
Of special interest is the prediction of partition coefficient log " P ", which is an important measure used in identifying " druglikeness " according to Lipinski's Rule of Five.
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While one separatory funnel is useful in separating certain compound mixtures with a carefully formulated biphasic solvent system, a series of separatory funnels may be employed to separate compounds that have different partition coefficients.
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To measure the "'partition coefficient "'of ionizable solutes, the pH of the aqueous phase is adjusted such that the predominant form of the compound is un-ionized.
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An alternative equation uses the logarithm of the ratio of potency ( measured as binding energy ) and the partition coefficient to compute a lipophilic ligand efficiency index ( LE ) with a different scale.
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USEPA is currently working on incorporating tissue residue into standards for bioaccumulating chemicals, which are usually hydrophobic with a log octanol-water partition coefficient greater than 5 ( log Kow > 5 ).
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Thus, the freely dissolved interstitial water concentration of nonionic organic chemicals can be predicted using the K OC, the organic carbon-water partition coefficient, which is a constant for each chemical:
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Partition coefficients are very important in pharmacology because they determine the extent to which a substance can pass from the blood ( an aqueous solution ) through a cell wall which is like an organic solvent.
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Partition coefficients can also be defined when one of the phases is solid, for instance, when one phase is a molten metal and the second is a solid metal, or when both phases are solids.
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