41. The subwavelength periodicity distinguishes photonic metamaterials from photonic band gap or photonic crystal structures. 42. The subwavelength periodicity distinguishes photonic metamaterials from photonic band gap or photonic crystal structures. 43. Some photonic metamaterials exhibit magnetism at high frequencies, resulting in strong magnetic coupling. 44. Fabrication of a material with a complete photonic bandgap is a huge scientific challenge. 45. Photons could be generated by onboard generators, as in the nuclear photonic rocket. 46. They act as beautiful low-loss interfaces between optical fiber and other photonic devices. 47. Hence a certain portion of the optical switch market is made up of photonic switches. 48. After 1987, the number of research papers concerning photonic crystals began to grow exponentially. 49. In 1996, Thomas Krauss demonstrated a two-dimensional photonic crystal at optical wavelengths. 50. During his time at Bell Laboratories, Yablonovitch did his pioneering work on photonic crystals.
