Several pages can be grouped together to form a single portolan chart covering the " normal portolan " range ( Black Sea, Mediterranean and Atlantic coast up to the British isles ).
42.
Little is known of Zuane Pizzigano, save that he was probably a relative ( possibly a descendant ) of the Venetian cartographers Domenico and Francesco Pizzigano, who made a famous 1367 portolan chart.
43.
:" I'm a specialist on early portolan charts . " One of the world's greatest and most enduring mysteries " like the Washington Post wrote May 22, 2010.
44.
This is in spite of William of Rubruk's having reported it to be landlocked in 1255, i . e . several decades before the map's creation; see also Portolan chart.
45.
Like the Catalan Atlas itself, these five maps ( four portolan charts, one fragment of a mappa mundi ), are unsigned and undated, and their date of composition estimated sometime between 1375 and 1400.
46.
However, there is absolutely no evidence supporting the existence of an earlier portolan chart, and the fact that the map's most glaring error concerns Italy would undermine the theory of an Ancient Roman influence.
47.
Early exploration, particularly in Portugal, hugged coastlines and thus only latitude was needed in order to determine location, it could merely be cross referenced with position based upon coastal maps, known as portolan charts.
48.
A portolan chart from 1492, the oldest known signed and dated chart of state secrets, Portuguese ones were used by other countries, and Portuguese cartographers drew upon the skill and knowledge of other cultures as well.
49.
The twelve Classical winds ( or a subset of them ) were also sometimes depicted on portolan charts, albeit not on a compass rose, but rather separately on small disks or coins on the edges of the map.
50.
Giorgio Sideri Callapoda came briefly into the news when his copy of a previously unknown fifteenth-century portolan chart by Fra Mauro was sold at auction in Milan, October 1984 at a price of 900 million Italian liras.
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