41. The difference between Carrey and Murphy is the difference between refraction and embodiment. 42. Glass, water and every other known substance have positive indices of refraction . 43. Different frequencies undergo different angles of refraction , a phenomenon known as dispersion. 44. Light beam exhibiting reflection, refraction , transmission and dispersion when encountering a prism 45. Typically, refraction occurs when a wave passes from one medium into another. 46. Single calcite crystals display an optical property called birefringence ( double refraction ). 47. In this work d'Alembert theoretically explained refraction . 48. Atkins concludes that, taking atmospheric refraction into account: 49. True tombolos are formed by wave refraction and diffraction. 50. Refraction in multiple directions may create a complex spit.