Animals that live in the high-salinity environments have salt glands that excrete excess salt ingested with food or water; they don't normally store the excess salt internally.
42.
An electrical gradient is formed from the chloride ions, allowing sodium to be passed through the tight junctions of the epithelial cells into the salt gland along with minimal amounts of water.
43.
In seabirds the salt gland is above the beak, leading to a main canal above the beak, and water is blown from two small nostrils on the beak, to empty it.
44.
Both these changes in turn activate the salt glands of the bird, but before any activity occurs in the salt glands the kidney has to reabsorb the ingested sodium from the small intestine.
45.
Both these changes in turn activate the salt glands of the bird, but before any activity occurs in the salt glands the kidney has to reabsorb the ingested sodium from the small intestine.
46.
The skull's reduced salt glands indicate it was drinking little seawater, and its bones were recovered from sea level up to 500 m, suggesting it was not living on the coast.
47.
Salt gland activations occurs from increased osmolarity in the blood, stimulating the hypothalamic information processing, sending signal through the parasympathetic nerve activating vasodilation, the release of hormones ( acetylcholine and vasoactive intestinal peptide ).
48.
These considerations particularly impact hypotheses based on increasing the capabilities of systems already present in the animal, such as the salt gland and olfaction hypotheses, and indicate that these were not primary functions of the crest.
49.
They also have a salt gland that is situated above the nasal passage and helps desalinate their bodies, due to the high amount of ocean water that they imbibe; it excretes a concentrated saline solution from the nostrils.
50.
Although they appear to be similar to the untrained eye, crocodiles, alligators and the gharial belong to separate biological saltwater due to specialized salt glands for filtering out salt, which are present but non-functioning in alligators.
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