41. Anthropogenic influences, in the form of regular burning to create open woodlands and shifting cultivation , are pervasive throughout the ecoregion. 42. In its place, cash and food crops are planted in shifting cultivation in order to lessen the mortality from malaria. 43. In some of the sparsely populated regions where shifting cultivation takes place in Africa, women do much of the work. 44. A similar system of shifting cultivation is practiced in the arid, sparsely populated regions of the extreme south and southwest. 45. The mountainous landscape means that only 16 percent of the country is farmed under lowland terrace or upland shifting cultivation . 46. Boserup argues that low intensity farming, extensive shifting cultivation for example, has lower labor costs than more intensive farming systems. 47. Livelihoods are affected by non sustainable practices such as wanton cutting down of trees, shifting cultivation , and poor agricultural practices. 48. It is often applied in shifting cultivation agriculture ( such as in the Amazon rainforest ) and in transhumance livestock herding. 49. In case of shifting cultivation , ten to twenty times more land are required than what is cultivated at any given season. 50. In the valleys, it is rice, on the slopes, it is maize; and on higher ground, there will be shifting cultivation .
