1. Another distinction can be made depending on the optomechanical coupling strength . 2. The empirical parameter, Z DP, is termed the deformation potential and describes electron-phonon coupling strength . 3. The coupling strength between light and matter is defined by \ mathcal { F }. 4. It has two parameters, the coupling strength " K " and the driving phase ?. 5. The interaction of light and nanoparticles affects the placements of charges which affects the coupling strength . 6. The gauge coupling strengths of GUT scale and equal approximately to 10 16 GeV, which is slightly suggestive. 7. The coupling strengths are also usually simplified to a constant in what is sometimes called the first Markov approximation: 8. The " coupling strength " of two given documents is higher the more citations to other documents they share. 9. Where N is the number of nodes ( oscillators ), and K is the coupling strength between nodes i and j. 10. String dualities often link quantities that appear to be separate : Large and small distance scales, strong and weak coupling strengths .