1. Both these tirths receive perennial water flow from gomukhs. 2. Differences in longitudinal pattern affect the location and function of perennial water refuges. 3. Tamil Nadu state faces a perennial water shortage. 4. Perennial waters are the most important drought refuge.5. Perennial water is only available at Clear Creek at the eastern terminus of the trail.6. Quicksands exist at some of the fords and there is perennial water in both defiles. 7. The flood and perennial water of the Zam is used for irrigation and drinking purpose. 8. Due to their regular need for water, they prefer areas where perennial water sources are available. 9. The flood and perennial water of the Zam is used for irrigation as well as for drinking purpose. 10. Soil depth varies from less than deep to deep, and there are only five perennial water sources on the range.
