41. Left ventricular volume overload may produce inverted u waves on the electrocardiogram. 42. The CT scan abnormalities showed dilatation of the ventricular system. 43. Ventricular aneurysms are usually complications resulting from a heart attack.44. In certain cases, ventricular aneurysm may cause ventricular failure or arrythmia. 45. In certain cases, ventricular aneurysm may cause ventricular failure or arrythmia. 46. Ventricular assist devices require open-heart surgery for implantation.47. The LV volume is greatly increased due to the enhanced ventricular filling. 48. The ectopic beat is typically a premature ventricular contraction ( PVC ). 49. Functional types of ventricular dysphonia occur in the normal larynx. 50. This condition leads to Pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy and failure.