In the formalism of second quantization these excitation operators are expressed as
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Written out in second quantization notation, the Hubbard Hamiltonian then takes the form:
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This formulation is a form of second quantization, but it predates modern quantum mechanics.
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The procedure is also called second quantization.
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This is another example of second quantization.
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Unlike first quantization, conventional second quantization is completely unambiguous, in effect a functor.
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Using the second quantization formalism they showed that magnons behave as weakly interacting quasiparticles obeying Bose Einstein statistics ( bosons ).
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The particle-like properties of the phonon are best understood using the methods of second quantization and operator techniques described later.
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Each component of the position operator is a one-electron operator, they can be represented in second quantization as follows:
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In this section, we will describe a method for constructing a quantum field theory called "'second quantization " '.
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