turbulent boundary layer sentence in Hindi
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- A consequence of the turbulent boundary layer is increased skin friction relative to a laminar boundary layer, but this is very small compared to the increase in drag associated with separation.
- His Cambridge work ( with M R Head ) known worldwide as a classic experiment clearly showed the preponderance of hairpin vortices in turbulent boundary layers and the Reynolds number thinning effects.
- The turbulent boundary layer contains more energy, so will delay separation until a greater magnitude of negative pressure gradient is reached, effectively moving the separation point further aft on the airfoil and possibly eliminating separation completely.
- The laminar boundary is a very smooth flow, while the turbulent boundary layer contains swirls or " eddies . " The laminar flow creates less skin friction drag than the turbulent flow, but is less stable.
- The above analysis is for any instantaneous laminar or turbulent boundary layer, but is used mainly in laminar flow studies since the mean flow is also the instantaneous flow because there are no velocity fluctuations present.
- Physicists have found that turbulent boundary layers initially sap energy by dispersing it in large whorls, and as these whorls break up into smaller ones, more and more energy is dissipated in the form of useless turbulent friction.
- Particles ( particularly those with Stokes number close to 1 ) are known to accumulate in regions of high shear and low vorticity ( such as turbulent boundary layers ), and the mechanisms behind this phenomenon are not well understood.
- The additional term \ overline { u'v'} in the turbulent boundary layer equations is known as the Reynolds shear stress and is unknown turbulence model, which aims to express the Reynolds shear stress in terms of known flow variables or derivatives.
- The modified air intakes replaced conventional intake rampswhose function is to divert turbulent boundary layer airflow away from the inlet and prevent it entering the enginewith a diverterless supersonic inlet ( DSI ) design . and is stealthier than a conventional intake.
- Unlike the laminar boundary layer equations, the presence of two regimes governed by different sets of flow scales ( i . e . the inner and outer scaling ) has made finding a universal similarity solution for the turbulent boundary layer difficult and controversial.
- The more efficient mixing which occurs in a turbulent boundary layer transports kinetic energy from the edge of the boundary layer to the low momentum flow at the solid surface, often preventing the separation which would occur for a laminar boundary layer under the same conditions.
- Hence the moment method makes it possible to track and quantify the inner viscous region using { \ lambda _ n } moments whereas the outer region of the turbulent boundary layer is tracked using { \ zeta _ n } and { \ kappa _ n } moments.
- In this period, he oversaw development of practical methods of analyzing laminar and turbulent boundary layer flow, new and improved static pressure probes, the hydrogen bubble technique of flow visualization, potential flow analysis, analysis of stability and transition of boundary layers and the e n method of predicting boundary layer transition.
- The turbulent boundary layer thickness formula assumes 1 ) the flow is turbulent right from the start of the boundary layer and 2 ) the turbulent boundary layer behaves in a geometrically similar manner ( i . e . the velocity profiles are geometrically similar along the flow in the x-direction, differing only by stretching factors in y and u ( y ) ).
- The turbulent boundary layer thickness formula assumes 1 ) the flow is turbulent right from the start of the boundary layer and 2 ) the turbulent boundary layer behaves in a geometrically similar manner ( i . e . the velocity profiles are geometrically similar along the flow in the x-direction, differing only by stretching factors in y and u ( y ) ).
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