1. The vertical axis of the chart is mapped by vowel height . 2. This is consistent with the general correlation between rounding and vowel height . 3. Taos has six vowels with three contrastive vowel heights and degrees of vowel backness. 4. Otherwise, languages are not known to contrast more than four degrees of vowel height . 5. Phonemically, Tatar may be argued to have two vowel heights , mid-centralized. 6. Differences in vowel height , backness and / or diphthongal quality may have played a role. 7. The first formant, abbreviated " F1 ", corresponds to vowel openness ( vowel height ). 8. Portuguese, as Catalan, uses vowel height , contrasting stressed and unstressed ( reduced ) vowels. 9. A notable feature of Chukchi is its vowel harmony system largely based on vowel height . alternate with, respectively. 10. This description distinguishes four degrees of vowel height and a rounding contrast ( rounded vs . unrounded ) between back vowels.