1. The resulting fortifications are known as'lines of contravallation '. 2. This is a second line of fortifications outside the contravallation , facing away from an enemy fort. 3. Vauban, in control of the operations, began constructing lines of circumvallation and contravallation surrounding the city. 4. The Red Army units immediately formed two defensive fronts : a circumvallation facing inward and a contravallation facing outward. 5. The Lines of Contravallation of Gibraltar were built in 1730, north of the isthmus linking Spain with Gibraltar. 6. The inner circumvallation,, held in Vercingetorix's forces, while the outer contravallation kept relief from reaching them. 7. This lines of contravallation ( the trenches nearest to the French position ) included a series of redoubts connected by trenches. 8. The outermost lines, known as the lines of contravallation , would surround the entire besieging army and protect it from attackers. 9. The siege lasted from April 19 through to September 6, as Trebonius erected a contravallation to blockade the town by land. 10. The lines of contravallation , formed of several redoubts, were joined by entrenchments that entirely encircled Kehl and access to the bridges.
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