1. In 1775 the Rasphuis near the Coupure channel became the new prison. 2. The most basic means of closing a coupure is with soil or sandbags. 3. Amongst the 16 newcomers at the Grande Coupure are 10 immigrant species from Asia. 4. More sophisticated means of closing a coupure consist of wooden or metal beams or doors. 5. In Europe, ursoids and musteloids first appear in the early Oligocene immediately following the Grande Coupure . 6. The Grande Coupure itself is distinguished by the fairly rapid replacement of endemic species with immigrants from Asia. 7. The French had built a coupure ( inner wall ) that stopped the redcoats from breaking through the defences. 8. The Asian biotic reorganization events are comparable to the Grande Coupure in Europe and the Mongolian Remodeling of mammalian communities. 9. The " coupure " consisted of eighteen traverses covered by artillery and defended by caponiers in the ditch. 10. Within the pre-Grand Coupure Lower Hamstead Member only 5 new appearances were registered, mainly European rodents like Butselia.
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