episome sentence in Hindi
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- It maintains the viral genomes during cell division by tethering the viral episomes to the chromosomes.
- Other betaherpesviruses establish latency as a nuclear episome, which is a circular DNA molecule ( analogous to plasmids ).
- In eukaryotes, episomes are used to mean non-integrated extrachromosomal closed circular DNA molecule that may be replicated in the nucleus.
- A few types of plasmids can also insert into the host chromosome, and these integrative plasmids are sometimes referred to as episomes in prokaryotes.
- Normally, the virus exists as circular episome ( or plasmid ) within the cell and its DNA is packaged into viral capsids and transmitted to other cells.
- The Hirt extraction process gets rid of the high molecular weight nuclear DNA, leaving only low molecular weight mitochondrial DNA and any viral episomes present in the cell.
- As explained here, they're based on the F episome ( F plasmid ), but as our article explains, they do have the Rep gene.
- During latency, the virus genome depends on the host replication machinery and replicates as closed circular episome ( " plasmid " ) using sequences within the terminal repeats as a replication origin.
- When the virus reactivates into lytic replication, it is believed that the virus genome is replicated as a continuous linear molecule off from an episome ( so called rolling circle model ).
- Some viruses are tumorigenic when they infect a cell and persist as circular episomes or plasmids, replicating separately from host cell DNA ( Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus ).
- The reporter gene may be inserted into the " E . coli " genome by first inserting it into an episome, a type of plasmid with the ability to incorporate itself into the bacterial cell genome
- When this occurs, the viral episome starts replicating itself in the form of linear DNA molecules that are packaged into virus particles which are expelled from the cell, to infect new cells or to be transmitted to a new host.
- After infection, the virus enters into lymphocytes via macropinosomes where it remains in a latent ( " quiet " ) state expressing the viral latency-associated nuclear antigen, LANA . The virus exists as a naked circular piece of DNA called an episome and uses the cellular replication machinery to replicate itself.
- :A quick PubMed search for the first paper with " plasmid " and " cassette " turns up, a free article which attributes the term to Hicks, J ., Strathern, J . & Herskowitz, I . ( 1977 ) in DNA Insertion Elements, Plasmids and Episomes, eds.
- Additionally, epigenetic reprogramming by enforced expression of OSKM through DNA routes exists such as plasmid DNA, minicircles, transposons, episomes and DNA mulicistronic construct targeting by homologous recombination has also been demonstrated; however, these methods suffer from the burden to potentially alter the recipient genome by gene insertion ( Ho et al ., 2010 ).
- Zakian, along with GM Dani, " were the first to construct and characterize a linear artificial chromosome . " in 1983 . helped to introduce the " use ciliate telomeres to generate linear yeast episomes, a strategy that began the molecular era of yeast telomere biology " " discovered telomere position effect, TPE, the transcriptional repression of genes near telomeres in budding yeast . " a team of researchers, including Zakian, found that " Pif1p-like helicases are found in diverse organisms, including humans " and that " Pif1p is the prototype member of a helicase subfamily"
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