11. Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase links the propionyl-CoA degradation byproduct of these macromolecules to the tricarboxylic acid cycle. 12. The enzymes that use as a built-in cofactor are methylmalonyl-CoA mutase ( PDB 1Q8J ). 13. The final product of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase activity is succinyl-CoA which is a tricarboxylic acid cycle substrate. 14. "' Bisphosphoglycerate mutase "'( BPGM ) is an enzyme unique to erythrocytes and placental cells. 15. "' Phosphoglycerate mutase "'( PGM ) is any enzyme that catalyzes step 8 of glycolysis. 16. Finally, mitochondrial methylmalonyl-CoA mutase with cofactor adenosylcobalamin produces succinyl-CoA which enters the citric acid cycle. 17. It is thought that this is due to the widespread presence of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase throughout the central nervous system. 18. This process is mediated by a phenylalanine ( PheA ) or tyrosine ( TyrA ) specific chorismate mutase -prephenate dehydrogenase. 19. Protein redesign has been used for protein simplification, creation of new quaternary structures, and topological redesign of a chorismate mutase . 20. Certain salts, such as KCl, are known to be competitive inhibitors in respect to 2-phosphoglycerate and mutase activity.
