Treatment involves the use of pentavalent antimonial compounds, which are highly toxic ( common side effects include thrombophlebitis, pancreatitis, cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity ) and not very effective.
32.
Furthermore, micro-ultrasound can be used to detect and quantify cardiotoxicity in response to anti-tumor therapy, since it is the only imaging modality that has instantaneous image acquisition.
33.
Despite the progress being made in finding ways to potentially prevent Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in animal models, there remains to be an effective treatment against established cardiomyopathy caused by the drug.
34.
It has a higher propensity for causing anticholinergic side effects coupled with a lower propensity for causing extrapyramidal side effects and sedation than chlorpromazine, but also has a higher incidence of hypotension and cardiotoxicity.
35.
Though concurrent combination of trastuzumab and doxorubicin in clinical studies found superior tumor response, the combination resulted in unacceptable cardiotoxicity, including risk of cardiac failure manifesting as congestive heart failure ( CHF ).
36.
Animal evidence indicates intralipid, a commonly available intravenous lipid emulsion, can be effective in treating severe cardiotoxicity secondary to local anaesthetic overdose, and human case reports of successful use in this way.
37.
A 2010 study produced analogous results in the cardioprotective abilities of EGCG, testing the same indicators of cardiomyocyte injury, as well as endogenous antioxidant function, but specifically against Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
38.
However, it has a faster onset of action and fewer adverse effects, including reduced drowsiness, sedation, anticholinergic symptoms like dry mouth, sweating, and dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, and cardiotoxicity.
39.
Tramadol, which lacks the cardiotoxicity, has been recommended instead of propoxyphene as it is also indicated for mild to moderate pain, and is less likely to be misused or cause addiction than other opioids.
40.
In the early 1970s, Hellmann brought Razoxane to the attention of Abraham Goldin and Eugene Herman who found this intracellular active chelator to be highly effective in reducing anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in all species tested.
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