Other anatomical landmarks exist, such as the ligamentum venosum and the round ligament of the liver ( ligamentum teres ), which further divide the left side of the liver in two sections.
32.
The pathophysiology is thought to be ischemia of the lumbosacral nerve roots secondary to compression from surrounding structures, hypertrophied facets, ligamentum flavum, bone spurs, scar tissue, and bulging or herniated discs.
33.
After pulling the left lung aside, the layer ( mediastinal pleura ) above the left arch is incised and the left arch and the ligamentum arteriosum are dissected out and separated from the surrounding structures.
34.
The iliac crest is a commonly used anatomical landmark for lumbar epidural injections, as this level roughly corresponds with the fourth lumbar vertebra, which is usually well below the ligamentum flavum and the epidural space.
35.
It arises by a thin and broad aponeurosis from the lower part of the ligamentum nuchae, from the spinous processes of the seventh cervical and upper two or three thoracic vertebrae and from the supraspinal ligament.
36.
The acetabulum is also home to the acetabular fossa, an attachment site for the ligamentum teres, a triangular, somewhat flattened band implanted by its apex into the antero-superior part of the fovea capitis femoris.
37.
In humans, it has been suggested that it is not the ligamentum teres but the hip capsule ( specifically the iliofemoral, ischiofemoral and pubofemoral ligaments ) that provides the primary resistance to dislocation in the extended hip.
38.
Above, it is connected to the concavity of the proximal descending aorta by the ligamentum arteriosum, on the left of which is the left recurrent nerve, and on the right the superficial part of the cardiac plexus.
39.
Along with a sudden loss of resistance to pressure on the plunger of the syringe, a slight clicking sensation may be felt by the operator as the tip of the needle breaches the ligamentum flavum and enters the epidural space.
40.
If left umbilical vein is obliterated and remains as ligamentum teres in adults then why it is on the right side of the body instead of left side ? Preceding contribs ) 11 : 22, 20 December 2010 ( UTC)
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