1. Cladograms showing alternative possible relationships within Syndermata ( or Rotifera ).2. Cladograms modified from Fig . 3, Lasek-Nesselquist 2012.3. Differentiation occurs within groups, represented as branches in the cladogram . 4. The cladogram below follows a 2009 analysis by Zheng and colleagues. 5. The cladogram presented here is simplified from a study by Tetlie. 6. The following cladogram shows the relationship between various subgenera and sections. 7. Removal of " Asiaceratops " stabilizes the entire cladogram . 8. The cladogram is showing the phylogenetic position of Massetognathinae within Traversodontidae. 9. A cladogram that conforms to these requirements is a perfect phylogeny. 10. Some studies have produced cladograms in which the Deinopoidea are paraphyletic.
