1. Fis buffers decrease of negative supercoiling in tyrT and rrnA expression. 2. Supercoiling can be represented mathematically by the sum of twist and writhe.3. DNA supercoiling is important for DNA packaging within all cells. 4. Supercoiling of DNA reduces the space and allows for DNA to be packaged.5. Supercoiling is also required for DNA / RNA synthesis.6. Recent data suggest different degrees of supercoiling distinguish the permissive and inactive states. 7. Agarose gel electrophoresis can be used to resolve circular DNA with different supercoiling topology. 8. Gyrase ( a form of topoisomerase ) relaxes and undoes the supercoiling caused by helicase. 9. Many topoisomerase enzymes sense supercoiling and either generate or dissipate it as they change DNA topology. 10. Moreover, they discovered that the DNA sequence itself effects how the molecule responds to supercoiling .
Mobile