1. This is most likely a denervation injury to the external anal sphincter. 2. This is believed to reflect peripheral sympathetic denervation in the lower limbs. 3. Meta-analyses of renal denervation have yielded conflicting results. 4. Other treatments may include denervation , autotransplantation, renal neurectomy, or nephrectomy. 5. Following denervation , muscular atrophy and degeneration occurs within affected skeletal muscle tissue. 6. The hypoglossal nerve as a donor nerve can induce tongue atrophy due to denervation . 7. The results showed no statistically significant difference between renal denervation and the sham procedure. 8. However, what disturbs the denervation -reinnervation equilibrium and causes peripheral denervation is still unclear. 9. However, what disturbs the denervation-reinnervation equilibrium and causes peripheral denervation is still unclear. 10. Causes include idiopathic, congenital alacrima, xerophthalmia, lacrimal gland ablation, and sensory denervation .
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